Historical U.S. census and vital records

39.8 million persons

Geography: Add Kansas, Nevada, Nebraska

Publications:  

• Census reports compiled from the original returns of the ninth census (June 1, 1870,) under the direction of the secretary of the interior, by Francis A. Walker, superintendent of census
• A compendium of the ninth census (June 1, 1870). Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1872 .
• Statistical atlas of the United States based on the results of the ninth census 1870: with contributions from many eminent men of science and several departments of the government. New York: Julius Bien, lith., 1874.

50.1 million persons

Geography: Add Colorado, Alaska as a territory.

Publications at the U.S. Census Bureau website  

62.9 million persons

Geography: Add Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, North Dakota, South Dakota. First coverage of Indian Territory.

Publications at the U.S. Census Bureau website  

Note: The original documents of the 1890 census were destroyed in a fire in 1921, and only fragmentary material remains.

75.9 million persons

Geography: Add Utah, Hawaii as a territory. First count of U.S. citizens living abroad.

Publications at the U.S. Census Bureau website